An organization tool for Gmail

feature

ux research

Figma

testing

prototyping

Maze

To challenge myself with an existing design system and get more specific with research, I chose to add an organization tool to Gmail. As a free and widely used service within Google’s ecosystem, it’s no surprise that many people had strong opinions.

An organization
tool for Gmail

feature

ux research

Figma

testing

prototyping

Maze

To challenge myself with an existing design system and get more specific with research, I chose to add an organization tool to Gmail. As a free and widely used service within Google’s ecosystem, it’s no surprise that many people had strong opinions.

An organization tool for Gmail

feature

ux research

Figma

testing

prototyping

Maze

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

SUMMARY

Context

Context

Context

Gmail’s default inboxes help by automatically sorting emails, but they don’t solve everything. Important messages still get mixed with consumer emails that quickly become clutter.

Gmail’s default inboxes help by automatically sorting emails, but they don’t solve everything. Important messages still get mixed with consumer emails that quickly become clutter.

Gmail’s default inboxes help by automatically sorting emails, but they don’t solve everything. Important messages still get mixed with consumer emails that quickly become clutter.

For those who want more control or feel overwhelmed by email backups, organization remains a challenge.

For those who want more control or feel overwhelmed by email backups, organization remains a challenge.

For those who want more control or feel overwhelmed by email backups, organization remains a challenge.

Problem

Problem

Problem

People who lack the time or know-how to organize their inbox often struggle with where to start or find it difficult to take the extra step.

People who lack the time or know-how to organize their inbox often struggle with where to start or find it difficult to take the extra step.

People who lack the time or know-how to organize their inbox often struggle with where to start or find it difficult to take the extra step.

How might we create a process that guides a user through minimizing their inbox?

How might we create a process that guides a user through minimizing their inbox?

How might we create a process that guides a user through minimizing their inbox?

Solution

A built-in Gmail feature that automatically identifies and groups subscription emails, allowing users to mass unsubscribe with a single click.

REsearch & define

REsearch & define

REsearch & define

initial research

How do people manage their inboxes?

initial research

How do people manage their inboxes?

initial research

How do people manage their inboxes?

I used various research methods to gain both a high-level overview and detailed personal insights into email organization.

Finding opportunities:
Competitive Analysis
Finding opportunities:
Competitive Analysis
Finding opportunities:
Competitive Analysis

Identify tools that current email platforms use, and in what context.

Find out what makes people choose one service over another.

Understanding the experience:
Primary Research Interviews
Understanding the experience:
Primary Research Interviews
Understanding the experience:
Primary Research Interviews

What organizational systems people have tried, and what worked for them.

Pain points of having a unwieldy inbox.

What features would be useful for email management

Competitive Analysis

Existing tools are too basic or too complicated

Competitive Analysis

Existing tools are too basic or too complicated

Competitive Analysis

Existing tools are too basic or too complicated

Evaluating other email services helped me understand the market and what makes a service more useful or frustrating.

Outlook was the most customizable to the super user with its advanced organizational features and hierarchical system for email management.

Key insights

Key insights

Key insights

Either too technical or too basic

There are gaps in the market for organizational tools geared towards people who do not have time or want to put effort in a method that works for them

Either too technical or too basic

There are gaps in the market for organizational tools geared towards people who do not have time or want to put effort in a method that works for them

Either too technical or too basic

There are gaps in the market for organizational tools geared towards people who do not have time or want to put effort in a method that works for them

Mass unsubscribe

No email client offers a built-in mass unsubscribe feature

Mass unsubscribe

No email client offers a built-in mass unsubscribe feature

Mass unsubscribe

No email client offers a built-in mass unsubscribe feature

Manual and automated efforts

Some people like to see everything go through their inbox

Manual and automated efforts

Some people like to see everything go through their inbox

Manual and automated efforts

Some people like to see everything go through their inbox

Lack of guidance

People use emails depending on their habits and mental models. It’s difficult to know where to start.

Lack of guidance

People use emails depending on their habits and mental models. It’s difficult to know where to start.

Lack of guidance

People use emails depending on their habits and mental models. It’s difficult to know where to start.

Primary Research

The hurdle of getting started, the effort of maintenance

Primary Research

The hurdle of getting started, the effort of maintenance

Primary Research

The hurdle of getting started, the effort of maintenance

To refine the problem I was solving I needed to find out first hand how people use the service, their mental model for any organization systems that they have, and whether they could use a built in organization tool. I wanted to see if customized rules or assistance with unsubscribing would be useful to people.

To refine the problem I was solving I needed to find out first hand how people use the service, their mental model for any organization systems that they have, and whether they could use a built in organization tool. I wanted to see if customized rules or assistance with unsubscribing would be useful to people.

To refine the problem I was solving I needed to find out first hand how people use the service, their mental model for any organization systems that they have, and whether they could use a built in organization tool. I wanted to see if customized rules or assistance with unsubscribing would be useful to people.

I use unroll me [...] I wish it were ranked by interaction or by frequency.

I don't need inbox zero, but I don't want it to be overwhelming.

I've tried folders and filters, and I forget to archive. I think it kind of works but it's still a mess.

I use unroll me [...] I wish it were ranked by interaction or by frequency.

I don't need inbox zero, but I don't want it to be overwhelming.

I've tried folders and filters, and I forget to archive. I think it kind of works but it's still a mess.

I use unroll me [...] I wish it were ranked by interaction or by frequency.

I don't need inbox zero, but I don't want it to be overwhelming

I've tried folders and filters, and I forget to archive. I think it kind of works but it's still a mess.

I don't need inbox zero, but I don't want it to be overwhelming.

Key insights

A system that works for the individual

Participants without an email system wished for an easier way to find what worked for them.

A system that works for the individual

Participants without an email system wished for an easier way to find what worked for them.

A system that works for the individual

Participants without an email system wished for an easier way to find what worked for them.

Emotional and technical hurdles

Feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or even guilty about unread messages can prevent people from starting.

Emotional and technical hurdles

Feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or even guilty about unread messages can prevent people from starting.

Emotional and technical hurdles

Feeling overwhelmed, anxious, or even guilty about unread messages can prevent people from starting.

Rereading newsletters is rare

If most people don’t read them right away, they stay unopened. Only one person mentioned revisiting a previously read newsletter.

Rereading newsletters is rare

If most people don’t read them right away, they stay unopened. Only one person mentioned revisiting a previously read newsletter.

Rereading newsletters is rare

If most people don’t read them right away, they stay unopened. Only one person mentioned revisiting a previously read newsletter.

Seeing the big picture

People said they would find it useful to have a list of sites they are subscribed to.

Seeing the big picture

People said they would find it useful to have a list of sites they are subscribed to.

Seeing the big picture

People said they would find it useful to have a list of sites they are subscribed to.

synthesizing the research

Inbox zero vs. inbox indifference

synthesizing the research

Inbox zero vs. inbox indifference

synthesizing the research

Inbox zero vs. inbox indifference

Affinity maps, personas, and empathy maps helped distill qualitative data, revealing diverse email organization habits. Some aim for “inbox zero,” while others don’t sort at all. These are quite different mindsets and needs and I wanted both to be represented. Based on the primary research, I identified two user personas: Alex: the hands off user and Jen: the attentive user.

Affinity maps, personas, and empathy maps helped distill qualitative data, revealing diverse email organization habits. Some aim for “inbox zero,” while others don’t sort at all. These are quite different mindsets and needs and I wanted both to be represented. Based on the primary research, I identified two user personas: Alex: the hands off user and Jen: the attentive user.

Affinity maps, personas, and empathy maps helped distill qualitative data, revealing diverse email organization habits. Some aim for “inbox zero,” while others don’t sort at all. These are quite different mindsets and needs and I wanted both to be represented. Based on the primary research, I identified two user personas: Alex: the hands off user and Jen: the attentive user.

Personas ensure the user remains at the heart of the design process. To make decisions throughout this project I would ask myself things like, would Jen be able to use this tool without too much effort? or How can I help Alex avoid feeling overwhelmed?

Personas ensure the user remains at the heart of the design process. To make decisions throughout this project I would ask myself things like, would Jen be able to use this tool without too much effort? or How can I help Alex avoid feeling overwhelmed?

Personas ensure the user remains at the heart of the design process. To make decisions throughout this project I would ask myself things like, would Jen be able to use this tool without too much effort? or How can I help Alex avoid feeling overwhelmed?

See personas in full size

See personas in full size

See personas in full size

Empathizing with the user

Empathizing with the user

Empathizing with the user

I used empathy maps to better understand a user's mindset and look for any unspoken needs. This process helped me realize that someone like Alex might feel overwhelmed before even attempting to organize, impacting their approach.

See empathy map in full size

See empathy map in full size

See empathy map in full size

Defining the scope: a dashboard and mass unsubscribing

Defining the scope: a dashboard and mass unsubscribing

Defining the scope: a dashboard and mass unsubscribing

Many of the people I interviewed had pain points with existing solutions—but the effort required to implement them was often a barrier. Just figuring out how to start was enough to prevent action.

I set out to design a dashboard that gives users insight into their inbox habits and contents. By visualizing email activity, users could make more informed decisions and identify clear starting points. To keep the scope manageable, I focused the feature on one specific aspect of inbox organization: unsubscribing from mailing lists.

Task flow

Task flow

Task flow

I identified what needed to be designed and tested to demonstrate the tool's viability using user flows and task flows. The goal was for the user to be able to see how many emails they were getting from one company, and being selective about which addresses to unsubscribe from.

the task flow from the Activity Summary to unsubscribing from an email sender

Design & Test

Design & Test

Design & Test

validating ideas

Would people use this feature if it existed?

validating ideas

Would people use this feature if it existed?

validating ideas

Would people use this feature if it existed?

Although I am focusing on the user experience of people who are overwhelmed by their inbox, I wanted it to be intuitive and useful for different kinds of users.

Task 1: You’re trying to find ways to minimize your backlog of emails, what would you do?

Task 2: How would you unsubscribe from Chewy’s promotional emails while keeping important ones, like receipts and customer service messages? How would you delete the unwanted emails afterward?

wireframe flow from the Activity Summary to unsubscribe from an email sender

wireframe flow from the Activity Summary to unsubscribe from an email sender

wireframe flow from the Activity Summary to unsubscribe from an email sender

See wireframe flow in full size

See wireframe flow in full size

See wireframe flow in full size

Getting feedback at this stage was crucial to make sure I was going in the right direction before sinking time into the visual details. With low fidelity wireframes participants are able to focus on navigation, layout, and content hierarchy instead of being distracted by unpolished UI. I used the low fidelity wireframe prototype to evaluate a few things:

Key insights from lo-fi testing

Crowded dashboard

The Activity Summary felt overwhelming and too busy.

Crowded dashboard

The Activity Summary felt overwhelming and too busy.

Crowded dashboard

The Activity Summary felt overwhelming and too busy.

Deselection feedback too subtle

The email sender pills were confusing - The visual feedback for deslection was unclear and easily missed.

Deselection feedback too subtle

The email sender pills were confusing - The visual feedback for deslection was unclear and easily missed.

Deselection feedback too subtle

The email sender pills were confusing - The visual feedback for deslection was unclear and easily missed.

Unfamiliar interaction

Users expected clicking email sender pills to select rather than deselect emails and didn’t anticipate preselected emails

Unfamiliar interaction

Users expected clicking email sender pills to select rather than deselect emails and didn’t anticipate preselected emails

Unfamiliar interaction

Users expected clicking email sender pills to select rather than deselect emails and didn’t anticipate preselected emails

Feedback for important user action

Features like the undo option and confirmation dialog modal gave users confidence to delete.

Feedback for important user action

Features like the undo option and confirmation dialog modal gave users confidence to delete.

Feedback for important user action

Features like the undo option and confirmation dialog modal gave users confidence to delete.

hi fidelity prototype

Reducing visual clutter to reduce cognitive load

hi fidelity prototype

Reducing visual clutter to reduce cognitive load

hi fidelity prototype

Reducing visual clutter to reduce cognitive load

Based on feedback from wireframe user testing, small adjustments were made to the dashboard and unsubscribe page. The dashboard had to be simplified but I wanted to find the balance between having too much information and not having enough for the user to customize things to the way they work.

The deselection interaction for the email address pills on the unsubscribe page was emphasized, and realigned with the user expectation of not having anything selected as default

See lo-fi -> hif-fi in full size

See lo-fi -> hif-fi in full size

See lo-fi -> hif-fi in full size

hi-fi usability test

Easier to digest but still creating confusion

hi-fi usability test

Easier to digest but still creating confusion

hi-fi usability test

Easier to digest but still creating confusion

Testing an interactive high-fidelity prototype with enhanced visual feedback and button states allowed me to assess how users perceived the feature, whether it met their expectations within the Google ecosystem, and if it established trust.

I used the same task and questions to confirm that the problems had been resolved with 5 new participants . Additionally I asked about any further pain points and whether the feature matches Gmail’s design, feel, and flow.

Key insights from hi-fi testing

Clarify affordances

It was not visually obvious that there were tooltips available if you hovered.

Three users hesitated to click “Insights & Suggestions,” fearing it would trigger an action without confirmation.

Clarify affordances

It was not visually obvious that there were tooltips available if you hovered.

Three users hesitated to click “Insights & Suggestions,” fearing it would trigger an action without confirmation.

Clarify affordances

It was not visually obvious that there were tooltips available if you hovered.

Three users hesitated to click “Insights & Suggestions,” fearing it would trigger an action without confirmation.

Unclear tool distinctions

It was unclear what were just suggestions, and what was based on email activity.

Unclear tool distinctions

It was unclear what were just suggestions, and what was based on email activity.

Unclear tool distinctions

It was unclear what were just suggestions, and what was based on email activity.

Defaulting to old habits

If the users doesn’t take in the page they can start clicking emails one by one

Defaulting to old habits

If the users doesn’t take in the page they can start clicking emails one by one

Defaulting to old habits

If the users doesn’t take in the page they can start clicking emails one by one

Confusion about email pill buttons

It was hard for 2 participants to connect the email sender to the type of email received from them.

Confusion about email pill buttons

It was hard for 2 participants to connect the email sender to the type of email received from them.

Confusion about email pill buttons

It was hard for 2 participants to connect the email sender to the type of email received from them.

REvisions

REvisions

REvisions

AI connecting the dots for you

AI connecting the dots for you

AI connecting the dots for you

The main buttons on the dashboard were refined to better align with Google’s design principles

The main buttons on the dashboard were refined to better align with Google’s design principles. "Explore" was added so users aren't afraid that an action will immediately be triggered.

The main buttons on the dashboard were refined to better align with Google’s design principles. "Explore" was added so users aren't afraid that an action will immediately be triggered.

"Explore" was added so users aren't afraid that an action will immediately be triggered.

An indicator was added to show that there are tool tips

An indicator was added to show that there are tool tips

An indicator was added to show that there are tool tips

On the unsubscribing page,
AI-generated suggestions identify the likely topics of emails and their originating addresses.

On the unsubscribing page, AI-generated suggestions identify the likely topics of emails and their originating addresses.

On the unsubscribing page, AI-generated suggestions identify the likely topics of emails and their originating addresses.

The interactive prototype

The interactive prototype

The interactive prototype

Below is an example of the prototype that was tested. Click around to explore!

Reflections

Reflections

Reflections

NEXT STEPS

Conduct further testing with a larger group of people to understand the magnitude and mental models focused on the confusion between email topics and their originating addresses.

Explore further how AI could user inbox contents to suggest actions. Users like guided assistance with Gmail to doing more of the legwork. However I would need to understand the technical limitations and product roadmap.

NEXT STEPS

Conduct further testing with a larger group of people to understand the magnitude and mental models focused on the confusion between email topics and their originating addresses.

Explore further how AI could user inbox contents to suggest actions. Users like guided assistance with Gmail to doing more of the legwork. However I would need to understand the technical limitations and product roadmap.

NEXT STEPS

Conduct further testing with a larger group of people to understand the magnitude and mental models focused on the confusion between email topics and their originating addresses.

Explore further how AI could user inbox contents to suggest actions. Users like guided assistance with Gmail to doing more of the legwork. However I would need to understand the technical limitations and product roadmap.

MAIN TAKEAWAYS

Testing was important to evaluate how the flow aligned with user expectations and that the copy was concise, user-friendly, and matched Google’s tone.

Observing how people manage their inboxes highlighted a wide variety of approaches, showing  the importance of checking assumptions.

To consider minor trade-offs, whether it's better to forgo aiming for the least amount of clicks in order to reduce user effort.

MAIN TAKEAWAYS

Testing was important to evaluate how the flow aligned with user expectations and that the copy was concise, user-friendly, and matched Google’s tone.

Observing how people manage their inboxes highlighted a wide variety of approaches, showing  the importance of checking assumptions.

To consider minor trade-offs, whether it's better to forgo aiming for the least amount of clicks in order to reduce user effort.

MAIN TAKEAWAYS

Testing was important to evaluate how the flow aligned with user expectations and that the copy was concise, user-friendly, and matched Google’s tone.

Observing how people manage their inboxes highlighted a wide variety of approaches, showing  the importance of checking assumptions.

To consider minor trade-offs, whether it's better to forgo aiming for the least amount of clicks in order to reduce user effort.